Contempt

The word contempt and its synonyms, disdain and scorn, smack of the elevated diction found in Victorian novels. Contempt is a negative feeling that embodies the judgment of regarding someone as inferior to oneself. Contempt is often mixed with other emotions, such as anger, hatred, or socio-moral disgust.

People who are contemptuous have a greater tendency than others to look down on, derogate, or distance others whose standards or values are appalling to them.

Researchers have largely examined contempt as an intrapersonal phenomenon, with regard to both its facial expression and its relational and moral antecedents.

The consequences for recipients of contempt are large, ranging from the physiological stress response associated with shame and rejection to subjective distress and drops in self-esteem from getting outcast by group members, at the intergroup level, possibly getting bombed.

Contempt is a moral emotion. In contrast with other emotions that can be elicited in reaction to both moral and amoral events, contempt is generally elicited in reaction to a moral transgression.
Contempt

Concept of Eustress

Stress is the body’s response to changing stimuli or stressors. It has been linked to the cause of several health issues. Eustress is literally the “good stress” that associated with positive feelings and health benefits.

The word stress was coined by Hans Selye (1907- 1982) back in 1965, who defined stress as “the non-specific responses of the body to any demand for change”.

Selye introduced the concept of positive stress, namely eustress in 1974. He used the terms “eustress” and “distress” to distinguish different types of stress and in other instances, he identified them as stimuli that cause stress. He suggested that eustress is “healthy, positive, constructive results of stressful events and stress response”

Eustress is what energizes the person and motivates him to make a change. It gives a positive outlook and makes him capable of overcoming obstacles and sickness.

Eustress, or positive stress, has the following characteristics:
 Motivates, focuses energy
 Is short-term
 Is perceived as within our coping abilities
 Feels exciting
 Improves performance

Yerkes-Dodson Law stated that stress is beneficial to performance until some optimal level is reached, after which performance will decline, which follow the inverted U shape diagram.
Concept of Eustress

Concept of sadness

Sadness is a commonly experienced emotion, impacting on body and mind, which may last anywhere from a few seconds to several hours.

Often, sadness is associated with unhappy feelings. Problems with friends, death of friends and relatives, sickness, temporary and permanent separations, problems with relatives, failure in achievement situations, bad news, solitude, and end of pleasurable experience may be reasons of becoming sad.

In humans, sadness is characterized by specific behaviors (social withdrawal, lower reward seeking, slow gait), a typical facial expression (drooping eyelids, downcast eyes, lowered lip corners, slanting inner eyebrows), physiological changes (heart rate, skin conductance) as well as cognitive/subjective processes. Some studies have reported that when the people feel sadness, his heart rate (HR) accelerates or the skin conductance level (SCL) increases, while others have reported that HR decreases or the SCL drops.

Indeed, it possesses certain clinical characteristics (e.g., feelings of intense sadness, rumination about the loss, insomnia, poor appetite, and weight loss) which make it qualify for a diagnosis of major depression.

Sadness may also sometimes be described as a psychological pain accompanied by additional feelings of loneliness, distress, depression, anxiety, grief and anguish.

Sadness does have an influence on judgments. Regarding the behavioral consequences, some inconsistencies exist: sadness leads to withdrawal from other people and activities, but sadness also facilitates seeking pleasure, which influences, among others, consumer behavior.
Concept of sadness

Concept of happiness

Happiness is an umbrella term for all that is good. Happiness is often used interchangeably with terms like 'wellbeing' or 'quality of life' and denotes both individual and social welfare.

Happiness Merriam-Webster dictionary is defined as “a state of well-being and contentment”. It is perhaps one of the most salient of human pursuits.

Happiness also has been considered a basic emotion by most theorists within the psychology of emotions.

For Aristotle, happiness entails experiencing the right emotions. Aristotle claimed that feeling emotions that are consistent with one’s values feels right, and feeling right relates to greater happiness.

The word 'happiness' is used where somebody has made an overall judgment about the quality of his or her life. This implies an intellectual activity. Making an overall judgment implies assessing past experiences and estimating future experiences and estimating average quality of life.

Several personality traits have been related to happiness, e.g., extroverts experience more life satisfaction, whereas individuals high on neuroticism experience less life satisfaction. Happiness-related personality traits evolve over time, e.g., individuals become more extroverted and more emotionally stable.
Concept of happiness